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Jean-Paul Smets  |

SlapOS: 12 years of Edge Computing

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Agenda

  • The birth of SlapOS
  • Everything is a service
  • Internet is broken
  • Success cases
  • Future perspectives

 

slapos.nexedi.com • buildout.org

www.irif.fr/~jch/software/babel • re6st.nexedi.com

 

The Birth of SlapOS - 2009

BonjourGrid

What is a Cloud?

A system which... Similar to...
runs all sorts of services worlwide on a distributed architecture grid computing
manages the order, delivery and billing of online services ERP or e-commerce
suppresses the need for sysadmins through automation configuration management or devops
 

SlapOS Architecture

  • ViFiB wants you to host cloud computing at home - IDG, June 15, 2010
  • SlapOS: A Multi-Purpose Distributed Cloud Operating System Based on an ERP Billing Model - Smets, Cérin, Courteaud - IEEE, 4-9 July 2011
  • Dynamic Resource Allocation in Cloud Environment Under Time-variant Job Requests - Tammaro, Doumith, Al Zahr, Gagnaire, Smets - IEEE, 29 Nov.-1 Dec. 2011
  • Practical solutions for resilience - Courteaud, Xu, Cérin - IEEE, Dec. 2012
 

Everything is a service - 2009

A service is a running... Like in... Pros Cons
x86 VM image AWS Portable, Isolation Very heavy, Slow IO
Linux/BSD chroot tarball Dotcloud Fast IO Heavy, not portable, poor isolation
Linux/BSD binary executable CFEngine Fast IO, Light Not portable, poor isolation
POSIX recompiled executable buildout Fast IO, Light, Portable Poor isolation
POSIX subprocess buildout Fast IO, Ultralight, Portable No isolation
 

Mark Burgess

 

Service facets: beyond build and run

Facet SlapOS Master Production Node Test Node Component
allocate resources ✅     ERP5
build   ✅   buildout
instantiate   ✅   buildout
configure   ✅   buildout
share   ✅   buildout
detect anomaly   ✅   buildout
self-repair   ✅   buildout
test disaster recovery   ✅   buildout
account resources   ✅   buildout
report resources   ✅   slapgrid
test deployment     ✅ buildout
test continuous integration     ✅ buildout
bill ✅     ERP5

 

 

Networking: Internet is broken

 

Juliusz Chroboczek: babel

https://www.irif.fr/~jch/software/babel/systematic-20210107.pdf

 

Success cases: IaaS & CDN

 

Success cases: PaaS & Hybrid

 

Success cases: edge

 

Perspective: improvements since 2009

A service is a running... Like in clouds based on... Pros Cons
x86 ARM VM image microVM Portable, Isolation Very heavy, Slow IO, not real-time
Linux containers Namespaces Fast IO Heavy, not portable, poor isolation
Linux portable binary Snaps Fast IO, Light, Real-time Not portableLinux only, poor isolation
POSIX recompiled executable ZeroVM and successors Fast IO, Light, Portable, Real-time Poor isolation
POSIX subprocess Secure languages Fast IO, Ultralight, Portable, Real-time No isolation

 

 

Perspective: new service classes

A service is a running... Like in... Pros Questions
HTML5 worker Chrome Portable, Isolation, Light, Cloudless Memory? Security? IO?
WASI executable Wasmtime Portable, Isolation, Light Memory? Security? IO? ecosystem?
IoT firmware LiteOS, NuttX, RIOT Lower CO2 impact Memory? Security? ecosystem?
Non-POSIX subprocess cdnbye Portable, Isolation, Light, Cloudless Memory? Security? IO?

Solomon Hykes, a co-founder of Docker, wrote in 2019, "If WASM+WASI existed in 2008, we wouldn't have needed to create Docker"

 

Do we still need edge?

Goal Continental DC Regional DC Local DC On-premise Browser / IoT / UE
Distance (ms) < 50 < 2 < 0.5 < 0.1 0
Minimize cost ✅       ✅
Minimize application latency         ✅
Minimize energy ✅ ❓ ❓   ✅
Survive Internet shortage       ✅ ✅
Sub ms control loop       ✅ ✅
Maximize transactions ✅ ❓ ❓ ❓  
CDN   ✅ ❓ ❓ ✅
3D desktop virtualisation   ✅ ✅    
LTE vRAN   ✅ ✅    
NR vRAN   (✅) ✅    

 

 

Thank You

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For more information, please contact Jean-Paul, CEO of Nexedi (+33 629 02 44 25).